It's no secret that Gohan has always been one of the most special and powerful fighters around Dragon Ball franchise. Although he started out as a child thrown into this rather unforgiving world, his potential was confirmed to be completely unmatched quite early in the series.
Gohan has proven to be one of the franchise's most powerful characters, with some of the strongest attacks in Dragon Ball. This eventually led to his current position in Dragon Ball series as one of Universe 7's greatest protectors by unlocking a transformation that makes him as strong as Goku and Vegeta's divine transformations.

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Masenko was Gohan's original signature Ki attack
Debut Arc: Saiyan Saga
While Goku had Kamehameha and Vegeta had his Galick Gun, the signature move that Gohan used for much of his life was Masenko. Although the creator of this technique was Piccolo, the attack was actually mostly used by the young Saiyan, especially in his early days, which is why it is more or less synonymous with him.
Although the frequency of this attack has decreased, it still sees occasional use in Gohan's hands, such as when he used it in the Tournament of Power. Due to his immense strength in the current era, this move is now the strongest it has ever been and remains an important part of Gohan's arsenal.
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The father-son Kamehameha is one of the most iconic attacks in Anime
Debut Arc: Cell Saga
In a list of the most iconic moments in Dragon Ball franchise, the father-son Kamehameha from Cell Saga has to be at the top. Although not strictly a Gohan move, this technique could only be performed through the young Saiyan's hands due to his Super Saiyan 2 form's immense strength.
At the time of the Cell Saga, Gohan was the strongest character of them all, so the Kamehameha he unleashed on the titular villain was already quite powerful. However, due to his weakened state at the time, Goku continued to lend a hand from beyond to make Gohan's Kamehameha even stronger, ending up completely erasing Cell.
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The Ultimate Kamehameha is Gohan's new signature move
Debut Arc: Cell Saga
Since the Cell Saga days, Gohan had started using the Kamehameha more than anything else, eventually replacing Masenko with it to become his signature technique. The strongest version of this attack was the one he originally used against Perfect Cell, which came to be known as the Ultimate Kamehameha.
Although this was not the strongest Kamehameha in the arc, the Ultimate Kamehameha was later perfected by Gohan entering the later years of Dragon Ball franchise, eventually culminating in an absurdly powerful version that he used in his Super Saiyan 2 and Ultimate forms. Due to Gohan's mastery of the Ki attack, the Ultimate Kamehameha remains his most reliable technique.
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The Masenko Beam Cannon deals two types of damage
Debut arc: Fun arc
Gohan and Piccolo share the greatest student-teacher dynamic in the entire series, and the many ways they're shown to work off each other are definitely a match for Goku and Vegeta themselves. There was no better example of this than in the Moro arc, when they both combined their special attacks to make an absurdly powerful Ki blast.
Masenko is a fairly broad burst of Ki that deals damage within its radius, while the Special Beam Cannon is a highly concentrated attack that deals unparalleled penetrating damage in a narrow spot. Through the Masenko Beam Cannon, Gohan and Piccolo managed to combine both damage types, which was strong enough to almost kill OG-73.

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Gohan Beast's Special Beam Cannon is one of the series' strongest attacks
Debut Arc: Super Hero Arc
Gohan Beast was a transformation that came out of nowhere but proved to be so great that it instantly pushed the hybrid Saiyan up to the level of Ultra Instinct Goku and Ultra Ego Vegeta. Gohan's insane potential was the reason he was able to unlock such a form, and his power culminated in the incredible Special Beam Cannon he fired at Cell Max.
Like Masenko, this attack was created by Piccolo and has unparalleled piercing power, although its drawback is that it needs to be charged for quite a while to be used at full strength. While this drawback remains with every version of the attack, Gohan Beast's iteration was the strongest ever, and is definitely one of the greatest attacks in the series.
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